Vietnam is a highly centralised state, whose constitution provides the fundamental and highest law. The majority of power resides at this central level with all laws and policies issued by the National Assembly and the government. The former produces framework legislation, while the latter provides guidance on the implementation of legislation.
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G77
Global Climate Risk Index
50.17
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World Bank Income Group
Lower middle income
Share of Global Emissions
0.88%
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Law on Water Resources No. 28/2023/QH15
2023Legislative
In November 2023, Vietnam's Law on Water Resources No. 17/2012/QH13 was repealed by the Law on Water Resources No. 28/2023/QH15. The Law on Water Resources regulates the management, protection, exploitation and use of water resources, as well as the prevention of, combat against and overcoming of harmful effects caused by water in the territory of Vietnam. The Law on Water...
Resource Mobilisation Plan
2023Policy
The Resource Mobilisation Plan sets out an action plan to guide the use of funds pledged under Vietnam's Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) by the International Partners Group. The plan was launched during COP28 in December 2023 and will be used to help mobilise the JETP finance to deliver on the country's goals to transition from fossil fuels to clean energy and re...
Circular No. 25/2020 / TT-BCT dated 29 September 2020 on the implementation of plans for economical and efficient use of energy ("Circular 25")
2023Policy
Circular 25 regulates planning and reporting on economical and efficient use of energy. Circular 25 requires: (i) the preparation of annual list of primary energy consumers, (ii) the preparation of annual and 5-year plans and reports on economical and efficient use of energy of primary energy consumers, (iii) the preparation of annual plans and reports on the energy use of...
Targets (146)
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- Net zero by 2050Economy-wideSource: Decision No. 896/QD-TTg on approving the National Strategy for Climate Change until 2050
- Reduce GHG emissions per unit of GDP by 8-10% by 2020 against a 2010 baselineEconomy-wide: Economy Wide · Target year: 2020Source: Resolution 24/NQ-TW: Active response to climate change, improvement of natural resource management and environmental protection
- Reduce total GHG emissions by at least 1% per year without and 2% with international support by 2030 against a 2010 baselineEconomy-wide: Economy Wide · Target year: 2030Source: National Green Growth Strategy
- Reduce GHG emission by 1.5-2% per year by 2030, 2050 against a 2010 baselineEconomy-wide: Economy Wide · Target year: 2050Source: National Green Growth Strategy
- Reduce GHG emissions from energy activities by 10% to 20% compared to the business as usual case by 2020 against a 2010 baselineEnergy: Energy Efficiency · Target year: 2020Source: National Green Growth Strategy
Legislative Process
The National Assembly is a unicameral body elected for a five-year term, which elects a president as head of state, and a prime minister as head of government. The assembly is Vietnam’s legislative body, and the highest level representative body. It is responsible for approving and supervising the implementation of state plans. The Communist Party has decisive influence over the executive and exercises control through the Central Committee. Members of the party hold all senior government positions. Legislative elections were held in 2021.
The current Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam was passed in 1992; it has since had two amends in 2001 and 2013. Vietnam is a socialist republic with the Vietnamese Communist Party as the sole source of leadership for the State and society. The legislative branch is exercised by the National Assembly, a 498-member unicameral body elected to a five-year term and is recognized as “the highest organ of state power”. The National Assembly further decides significant national affairs and has control over all activities of the State (article 69), including making and amending the Constitution (article 70), and naming the President and cabinet, the Prime Minister and the President of the Supreme People’s Court. Furthermore, the National Assembly holds the power of control of conformity over the Constitution and abrogating decisions from the Supreme People’s Court — the highest court for appeal and review (article 104) —.
The current Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam was passed in 1992; it has since had two amends in 2001 and 2013. Vietnam is a socialist republic with the Vietnamese Communist Party as the sole source of leadership for the State and society. The legislative branch is exercised by the National Assembly, a 498-member unicameral body elected to a five-year term and is recognized as “the highest organ of state power”. The National Assembly further decides significant national affairs and has control over all activities of the State (article 69), including making and amending the Constitution (article 70), and naming the President and cabinet, the Prime Minister and the President of the Supreme People’s Court. Furthermore, the National Assembly holds the power of control of conformity over the Constitution and abrogating decisions from the Supreme People’s Court — the highest court for appeal and review (article 104) —.