The Act aims to protect human health and the environment by promoting sustainable waste management and minimizing waste generation, in line with EU rules. It establishes a hierarchy for handling waste: first preventing its creation, then preparing for reuse, followed by recycling, other recovery (including energy use), and lastly disposal.
The law requires permits for facilities that process or recycle waste, and sets strict rules for waste transportation, including cross-border movement. It also regulates composting, requiring compliance with health and environmental standards.
In terms of policy, it mandates a national waste-management plan (Plán odpadového hospodářství), developed by the Ministry together with regional authorities.
As of 1 July 2025, the Act was amended by the 218/2025 Act.
