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Laws and Policies

CCLW

CCLW national policies

Implementation Report on the National Economic and Social Development Plan (2021 and 2022)

Annoucement of the Approval of the National Economic and Social Development Plan (2021 and 2022)

Adopted

This document sets the country's yearly development priorities. It notably seeks to guarantee security of supply of energy, materials and food. The plan sets policies with regard to a range of fossil fuels that aim to maintain affordable access to power sources. However, it also examines initiatives to reach peak carbon emissions and achieve carbon neutrality, and how to coordinate them. The government is tasked to</div><ul><li>formulate implementation plans for sectors such as energy, industry, urban and rural development, transport, and agriculture and rural areas as well as for key industries</li><li>Formulate support plans in the fields of science and technology, budgeting, finance, carbon absorption capacity, statistical accounting, personnel training, and inspection and evaluation</li><li>Develop hydropower "in accordance with local conditions" and develop nuclear power "while ensuring absolute safety"</li><li>Ensure energy efficiency compliance among coal-fired power plants and carry out coordinated transformation of such plants to improve their energy efficiency, heating supply systems, and power flexibility</li><li>&nbsp;Promote energy conservation and carbon reduction in key fields and launch initiatives in key industries such as iron and steel, electrolytic aluminum, cement, plate glass, oil refinery, ethylene, synthetic ammonia, and calcium carbide</li><li>Encourage deeper integration between emerging technologies and green, low-carbon industries and transform the industrial structure from high carbon to low carbon</li><li>Advocate a simple, modest, green, low-carbon, and healthy lifestyle to rein in carbon emissions at the source</li><li>Establish a carbon emissions statistical accounting system with unified standards</li><li>Refine regulations and institutions governing the national market for trading carbon emission rights to strengthen supervision over enterprises and third-party organisations</li><li>Advance pilot programs for building low-carbon cities and for investing in and financing the response to climate change, and build up climate change response capacities at the local level</li></ul><div><br>The document also stresses that China will continue to actively engage in international climate negotiations and global green governance, "and step up international cooperation in the areas of green economy, trade, technology, and finance."

National Economic and Social Development Plan (2021 and 2022)

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

Analysing climate change as a political and ethical issue, recognising how it -- and the exploitation of natural resources broadly -- impacts people, communities and countries differently and disproportionately.

the fair distribution of risks and opportunities of climate change and the transition to a regenerative economy, cognisant in particular of disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities and the working class