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Laws and Policies

CCLW

CCLW national policies

Law for the conservation, modernisation and expansion of cogeneration

Law passed

Last Amendment

The law on cogeneration revises the 2002 Combined Heat and Power Act to encourage combined heat and power (CHP) generation plants using renewable energies, district heating, heat and cold storage, and reduce CHP from hard coal and brown coal unless necessary. It details how the financial support for existing and new installations, which was increased from €750 million to €1.5 billion, will be used.Subsidies are limited in time and added to market-based electricity price. Net electricity from cogeneration plants should increase to 110 TW/h by 2020 and 120 TW/h by 2025. Projects concerned by the scheme are newly constructed and "modernised" plants with a focus on increased energy efficiency. Subsidies focus on plants feeding the national supply grid, but there are exceptions for sites with a capacity under 100 kW and installations used by industrial consumers. Additional incentives are granted to plants subject to the Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Law, and projects which disposed of coal or lignite receive a bonus of €0.6 cents/kWh over the entire funding period.

Combined Heat and Power Act (KWKG)

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Justice is the ethical and political framework that addresses fairness, including issues of responsibility, rights, and structural inequity.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

A tax advantage is a fiscal incentive where the government reduces or exempts selected activities, goods or actors from taxes.

A subsidy is a direct or indirect payment to individuals or businesses, typically provided as a government cash payment or a specific tax reduction.

Compulsory, required payments to the government that are levied more-or-less in proportion to the services provided. Fees and charges range from entrance fees to national parks, charges on land-based sewage discharge.

Financial support to help individuals manage the effects of unexpected events, securing their livelihoods and increasing the resilience of people and businesses to the changing climate. It’s especially vital in developing regions where everyday risks, climate-related weather extremes, or crop failures can push people into poverty. Without insurance, people may have to resort to selling assets or cutting consumption to cope with losses.

Tradable permits are market-based tools that grant permission for specific activities, frequently used to regulate emissions. These permits can be issued within a trading system to manage environmental impacts.

Either money or something of monetary value is transferred between two or more organisations, people or countries.

The release of heat-trapping gases, primarily from human activities such as burning fossil fuels, agriculture and industry.

A long-lived, colourless gas, chiefly emitted from fossil fuel combustion, deforestation and cement production.

Fossil gas, commonly known as natural gas, is a fossil fuel consisting chiefly of methane with smaller amounts of other hydrocarbons and trace gases, found in underground deposits.

Coal is a combustible sedimentary rock formed from carbonised plant matter, rich in carbon and hydrocarbons, and occurring in several main types including hard coal and brown coal.

Any compulsory, unrequited payment to the government levied on corporations or individuals. This can be for environmental reasons, such as introducing a Carbon tax to set a price that emitters must pay for the greenhouse gases they emit.

The activities of industries that transforms raw materials into finished goods through industrial processes.

The activities of industries involved in the production, distribution, and sale of energy, including electricity, gas, and renewables.

Activities that involve planning, designing and building infrastructure, residential, and commercial structures.

This sector involves the wholesale and retail selling of goods.

This sector creates and distributes information and entertainment through television, radio, print, and digital platforms.

This sector provides communication services, software development, and IT solutions.

Activities of government agencies and institutions that provide public services, enforce laws and manage public resources.

This sector includes firms and individuals offering specialised expertise in fields such as law, accounting, consulting, science and engineering.

Activities of businesses and institutions that provide financial services and products to individuals and organisations.

the fair distribution of risks and opportunities of climate change and the transition to a regenerative economy, cognisant in particular of disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities and the working class

The law on cogeneration revises the 2002 Combined Heat and Power Act to encourage combined heat and power (CHP) generation plants using renewable energies, district heating, heat and cold storage, and reduce CHP from hard coal and brown coal unless necessary. It details how the financial support for existing and new installations, which was increased from €750 million to €1.5 billion, will be used. Subsidies are limited in time and added to market-based electricity price. Net electricity from cogeneration plants should increase to 110 TW/h by 2020 and 120 TW/h by 2025. Projects concerned by the scheme are newly constructed and "modernised" plants with a focus on increased energy efficiency. Subsidies focus on plants feeding the national supply grid, but there are exceptions for sites with a capacity under 100 kW and installations used by industrial consumers. Additional incentives are granted to plants subject to the Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Law, and projects which disposed of coal or lignite receive a bonus of €0.6 cents/kWh over the entire funding period.

Law for the conservation, modernisation and expansion of cogeneration

Target

Policy instrument

Climate justice

Renewable energy

Fossil fuel

Greenhouse gas

Economic sector

Finance