Supreme Decree approving the National Biological Diversity Strategy to 2050 - Supreme Decree No. 008-2024-MINAM (Decreto Supremo que aprueba la Estrategia Nacional de Diversidad Biológica al 2050 - Decreto Supremo N° 008-2024-MINAM)

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National Biological Diversity Strategy to 2050 (Estrategia Nacional de Diversidad Biológica al 2050)

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<p>Peru’s National Strategy for Biological Diversity to 2050 establishes a long-term framework to address biodiversity loss through integrated, participatory governance aligned with climate resilience and sustainable development. Central to the strategy are five strategic objectives targeting land-use change, climate impacts, pollution, invasive species, and institutional weaknesses. These objectives operationalise principles such as the precautionary principle (Rio Declaration, Principle 15), intercultural equity, and human rights-based approaches, ensuring alignment with international obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Paris Agreement. The strategy mandates ecosystem-based adaptation, including restoring 10% of degraded ecosystems and species affected by climate change, while integrating traditional ecological knowledge to strengthen adaptive capacity.  The strategy’s implementation relies on institutional reforms, such as strengthening multi-level governance and integrating biodiversity metrics (e.g., the Lista Roja de Ecosistemas) into national reporting frameworks, including the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. It addresses climate-biodiversity linkages by prioritising mitigation of climate-driven threats (e.g., deforestation, water pollution) and promoting nature-based solutions, such as community-led water harvesting projects. The "Enfoque Territorial" (territorial approach) ensures localised, context-specific actions, while the Enfoque "Una Salud" (One Health) links ecosystem health to human and animal well-being.</p>

National Strategy for Biological Diversity to 2050 (Estrategia Nacional de Diversidad Biológica al 2050)

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

Terrestrial means "of the earth" and relates to the risks to ecological system that includes all living organisms and their interactions within land-based environments, such as forests, grasslands, and deserts.

Slow onset events evolve gradually from incremental changes over many years or from increased frequency or intensity of recurring events. As defined in the Cancun Adaptation Framework (2010), slow onset events include risks and impacts from rising temperatures, desertification, biodiversity loss, land and forest degradation, glacial retreat, ocean acidification, sea level rise, and salinization.

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Activities of businesses and institutions that provide financial services and products to individuals and organisations.

Supreme Decree approving the National Biological Diversity Strategy to 2050 - Supreme Decree No. 008-2024-MINAM (Decreto Supremo que aprueba la Estrategia Nacional de Diversidad Biológica al 2050 - Decreto Supremo N° 008-2024-MINAM)

Risk

Economic sector