<p>This law aims to strengthen the resilience of the Comoros to disaster risks, whether attributed to natural hazards, including those related to climate change and variability, or to human activities, regardless of their nature, origin, and magnitude. The law also seeks to clarify the roles and responsibilities of key actors in disaster risk management and to determine the strategic policies needed to facilitate the coordination of risk prevention and management actions. One of the major objectives of the law is to strengthen knowledge and institutional capacity in the field of disaster risk management. This aims to reduce damage and losses caused by natural and man-made disasters, while adopting a "build back better" approach during the recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction phases. Resilience at all levels is a priority, with particular attention paid to the communities most vulnerable to climate change. To ensure effective disaster risk management, the law provides for the mobilization of various national structures. These structures are tasked with preserving human lives, livelihoods, infrastructure, and basic services. They are also responsible for protecting facilities essential to the defense and safety of the population, as well as the environment. Furthermore, the law establishes a national early warning system, an essential strategic instrument for monitoring and coordinating necessary actions in the event of a disaster. Article 16 of the law grants the President of the Union the power to declare a "state of disaster" until the end of the crisis. The General Directorate of Civil Security is responsible for coordinating rescue, protection, first aid, evacuation, and security operations for people and property, as well as for implementing early recovery, mitigation, and adaptation measures in the face of disasters.</p>

Law on Disaster Risk Management

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Passed/Approved

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Justice is the ethical and political framework that addresses fairness, including issues of responsibility, rights, and structural inequity.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

A subsidy is a direct or indirect payment to individuals or businesses, typically provided as a government cash payment or a specific tax reduction.

An integrated system of hazard monitoring, forecasting and prediction, that enables individuals, communities, governments, businesses and others to take timely action to reduce disaster risks in advance of hazardous events.

Either money or something of monetary value is transferred between two or more organisations, people or countries.

Conditions that enhance the feasibility of adaptation options. Enabling conditions include finance, technological innovation, strengthening policy instruments, institutional capacity, multi-level governance and changes in human behaviour and lifestyles.

Actions to adapt human health, healthcare systems and well-being to climate change.

Actions and measures to adapt and increase resilience of societies and the economy to climate change.

Agriculture mitigation refers to practices used to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions at every level of the agrifood systems, from production to consumption.

Social protection systems consist of policies that help people manage social risks in order to prevent poverty and maintain decent incomes and living standards

People with different national or cultural traditions from the dominant population

Social and cultural groups that share collective ancestral ties to the lands and natural resources where they live, occupy or from which they have been displaced

woman and genders outside of the gender binary

This sector involves activities that impart knowledge and skills to individuals, including formal schooling, vocational training and educational support.

Activities of businesses and institutions that provide financial services and products to individuals and organisations.

the fair distribution of risks and opportunities of climate change and the transition to a regenerative economy, cognisant in particular of disproportionate impacts on vulnerable communities and the working class

Procedural justice means ensuring that decision making is safe, transparent and inclusive, emphasizing the agency and influence of vulnerable groups and those most impacted.

Law on Disaster Risk Management

Policy instrument

Impacted group

Just transition

Climate justice

Economic sector

Adaptation/resilience

Finance