This document notably aims to improve the database on climate change and disaster risk management with the possibility of assessing gender-sensitive indicators in this area (art. 54). It mandates the organisation of training sessions for employees of departments and sectors for women and family affairs of local executive bodies of state power of cities and districts, chairmen of jamoats and chairmen of the Council of Women of Jamoats on gender aspects in the development of dekhkan farms, and their adaptation to climate change. Training seminars and trainings should also be organised for rural women, heads of dekhkan (farm) enterprises on climate change and adaptation to it.

According to the country's updated NDC, the Medium-Term Development Program of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2021-2025 (MDP 2021-2025), adopted by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan on April 30, 2021, under Decree No. 168, has a special section is devoted to environmental protection, climate change and natural disasters. The adoption of NSACC strengthens the mechanisms for deploying capacity building processes on climate change adaptation of employees of authorized bodies and civil servants. Furthermore, the development of gender-sensitive indicators for climate change were noted as adaptive measures. Within the framework of this program, sectoral measures for adaptation to climate change have been formulated.&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; In the Medium-Term Development Program of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2016-2020 (MDP 2016-2020), the main measures to reduce the impact of climate change consist of expanding access to natural resources and their rational use, creating legal protection mechanisms, providing financial support and meeting the needs for new technologies, developing a green economy and preventing the risks of climate change. It seeked the development of renewable energy sources, modernisation of all types of transport, construction of 6 hydroelectric power plants with a capacity of 700 kWh, reconstruction of 700 km of highways.

This strategy was approved by the governmental Order 482/2019. It lays out a risk assessment of the sudden and prolonged adverse effects of climate change in the country, with a particular focus on agriculture and land use. The document details sectoral adaptation actions to undertake.

The national strategy consists in building a national capacity to manage natural disasters. Several measures are proposed : 1) an evaluation of the risks, 2) a creation of national and local databases about natural disasters, 3) rethinking infrastructure construction.&nbsp;

Issues of natural disasters risk management system and the effective management of natural resources are&nbsp; an integral part of this Strategy. It singles out the revitalisation of activities aimed at resource saving and adaptation to climate change and taking into account the provisions of Sendai framework program for natural disasters risk reduction. The document also seeks to increase forest cover.

This law regulates legal relations between state bodies, natural and legal persons on the efficient management of renewable energy. It sets out the legal and economic framework for sustainable solution for increased energy savings and reduction of anthropogenic impacts on the environment and the climate from energy sectors. It provides definitions and regulations in the management of renewable energy sources. &nbsp; &nbsp;The law provides: principles and goals of the state policy in the development of renewable energy sources; methods to integrate renewable energy sources to the national energy system; research and regulatory activity aimed to increase the use of renewable energy sources; registration, transport and distribution of renewable energy sources; and incentives for production and management of renewable energy sources. &nbsp; &nbsp;These sources include solar energy, wind power, hydropower, geothermal energy and biomass (including wood waste, industrial waste from agriculture and forestry, housing and communal services and household waste). This law aims to institute a set of actions to transform the storage, distribution and consumption of renewable energy, as well as the logistics of such actions. &nbsp; &nbsp;Priority sites for renewable energy installation are: decentralised energy zones, where due to low population density, building conventional power plants and high-voltage lines is not practical; zone district energy, where the poor state of the energy network or power deficiency result in significant economic losses and negative social consequences; settlement and places of public recreation, where harmful emissions of industrial activities have resulted in complex environmental problems; and settlements, cottages and places of temporary residence for people where problems of heating electricity and hot water supply exist. &nbsp; &nbsp;The law provides that state support could be provided for the: establishment and implementation of targeted programmes to promote the use of renewable energy sources; scientific and technical support for the establishment and implementation of facilities for the use of renewable energy sources; participation in international and/or regional organisations on the use of renewable energy sources; and other activities aimed at promotion of renewable energy use. &nbsp; &nbsp;Methods of standardisation include: switching performance in accordance to technical provisions and standards; commissioning technical regulations and standards; establishing methodological, organisational and technical base of the efficient use of renewable energy sources; inclusion of the technical provisions and standards to the energy production from renewable energy sources; and inclusion of energy efficiency in the technical regulations in the field of construction, vehicles, appliances for households and other types of goods and services consuming energy from renewable sources. Certificates confirm that the energy produced by the installation of renewable energy corresponds to the technical regulations, standards and other requirements.

This law provides an energy saving framework to enable the more efficient use of energy resources. It states that energy saving is a priority of state energy policy. Energy consuming devices and energy resources are subject to compulsory certification for compliance with energy efficiency, and the management of energy saving shall be carried out by the authorised state institutions. 
 
This law applies to: energy production, conservation, storage, reuse and transport; renewable energy; scientific research; state supervision over the rational and efficient utilization of energy sources; and access to and security of information on energy sources, use of renewable energy and new fuels. 
 
Regulation on energy conservation is accompanied by tax, credit, financing of investment, social, scientific and technical policy, monitoring of energy enterprises and regulation on consumer energy efficiency. Actions include: development of state energy conservation policy; co-ordination to improve efficiency use of energy resources in the country at all levels: state support for the implementation of energy efficient projects and programmes; organise state control over efficient use of energy resources (including compliance with state standards); examination of energy in construction projects; ensuring accountability and control of legal and physical entities that produce and consume energy; and monitoring of energy consumption and its efficiency. 
 
In regards to standardisation, performance indicators include: production, processing, transport, storage, use and disposal of energy. Energy efficiency is considered for energy-using products including: equipments, appliances, mass assignment, building structure, thermal insulation materials and consumer figures in production, process and residential sphere. Energy-using products and energy resources are subject to mandatory certification indicating the appropriate energy efficiency. Manufactured equipment is required to indicate the efficiency and consumption standard by mandatory labelling. Mandatory control applies on the supervision of the energy efficiency and its compliance for energy extraction, production, storage and consumption (including certificate). 
 
The law also provides that the higher education and research institutions should provide introductory education of energy conservation and efficiency use of energy. Any breach of the provisions under the law is subject to legal penalties.

This law provides that climate and the ozone layer are protected from the impact of economic and other activities, by: complying with standards of maximum permissible emissions; reducing greenhouse gas emissions; applying sanctions for violations; and performing other activities stipulated by the Law on Environmental Protection. 
 
The purpose of this law is to regulate the activities of individuals and entities associated with the emissions of pollutants into the air. It aims to: preserve, improve and restore the atmospheric air; prevent and reduce the chemical, physical, biological and other harmful impacts on the air; ensure the rational use of atmospheric air; strengthen the rule of law in the field of air; and to ensure environmental safety. The basic principles stipulated under this law are as follows: economic and other activities leading to emissions must meet the valid requirements; payment should be made for economic and other activities leading to emissions of pollutants; air quality needs to be standardised; air pollution and harmful impacts on the environment should be prevented; measures to protect air quality are supported by scientific knowledge and a systematic and integrated approach; information on air quality and measures of impacts on air quality should be accessible; and violations of this law as a result of economic and other activities face penalties. 
 
Target gases include nitrogen, oxygen, rare gases, carbon dioxide, ozone and other gases. This law provides that any emission (termed as entry of the gas substance into the air that leads to negative changes in air quality (includes long term adverse impact on environment) is subject for this law. This law indicates a creation of air quality standards, norms of permissible emissions of pollutants into the air and permissible standard of emission limits. This law regulates state bodies, legal entities and individuals engaged in economic and other activities related to emissions of pollutants and also persons with motor vehicles. Penalties include payments for emissions that exceed established standards for maximum permitted emissions and charges for accidental releases to the air. 
 
Chapter 24 is dedicated to the protection of climate and ozone layer, which calls for: compliance to the standards of maximum permissible emissions that affect climate and ozone layer; reduction of greenhouse gas emission; sanctions against any breaches; and performance of any other activities stipulated under this law.

Tajikistan. National Communication (NC). NC 4., National Communication from Tajikistan in 2022

Tajikistan First NDC (Updated submission), Nationally Determined Contribution from Tajikistan in 2021

Tajikistan. Biennial update report (BUR). BUR 1., Biennial Update Report from Tajikistan in 2019

Tajikistan First NDC (Archived), Nationally Determined Contribution from Tajikistan in 2017

Tajikistan. National Communication (NC). NC 3., National Communication from Tajikistan in 2014

Law No.29 on Energy Saving

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