This policy sets out Jordan’s approach towards climate change and the institutional framework and plans in place for mitigation and adapt between 2022 and 2050. It is an update to the <a rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://climate-laws.org/document/the-national-climate-change-policy-of-the-hashemite-kingdom-of-jordan-2013-2020_fe43?l=jordan&amp;o=10" target="_blank">Climate Change Policy of 2013-2020</a> and serves as an overarching document for mainstreaming climate change in all sectoral policies, strategies, and action plans. Ultimately, the policy aims at supporting Jordan in taking part in global efforts of reaching carbon neutrality by 2050 whilst also securing adaptation against climate change impacts. In doing so, this document incorporates considerations for different social categories: women, youth and children are also a focus within the adaptation section of the policy. The document comprises the following sections:<ul><li>Policy vision, objective and principles;</li><li>Adaptation and mitigation with proposed policies and accompanying actions and instruments;</li><li>Enabling factors such as capacity development;</li><li>Emerging issues, e.g. disaster risk management and refugees;</li><li>Monitoring and evaluation framework.</li></ul>

This document was identified in Jordan's updated NDC, however no further documentation is available.

The action plan identifies actions to meet five overall objectives:&nbsp; 1. Enhance Natural Capital 2. Sustainable Economic Growth 3. Social Development and Poverty Reduction&nbsp; 4. Resource Efficiency 5. Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation

Jordan has published GG-NAPs, or Green Growth National Action Plans for six sectors namely Agriculture, Energy, Tourism, Transport, Water and Waste. The GG-NAP for the waste sector identified 5 objectives and 14 sub-objectives, including resource efficiency and climate change adaptation and mitigation. To this end, the government commits to reducing and capturing methane emissions from landfills, which contribute to 3% of the country's GHG emissions. High-priority actions identified for this objective include the identification of priority sites for waste-to-energy projects, and construction of e-waste management facilities to divert waste from landfills.&nbsp;

According to Jordan's NDC, this document sets the institutional and regulatory framework on climate change, notably across the government. It creates and defines the role of the National Climate Change Committee and its structure. The Ministry of Environment is responsible for preparing and tracking the implementation of the NDC, reporting to the UNFCCC Secretariat, developing the National Adaptation Plans and any other documents in accordance with  international obligations. The Ministry is responsible to establish and manage the Measurement, Reporting and Verification Registry System, and to coordinate with the relevant authorities to develop the National Climate Finance Plan and to benefit from the market mechanisms/instruments that would prove its viability with the national circumstances.

The renewable energy and energy efficiency law provides the legislative framework to encourage exploitation of enable energy sources, further supply-side energy efficiency and streamline private sector investment through incentives. &nbsp; &nbsp;The law states that to achieve the objectives the government will focus on:</div><ul><li>Increasing investment in renewable energy extraction, thereby increasing the proportion of renewables in the energy mix</li><li>Working towards sustainable development through environment-friendly energy extraction</li><li>Pursuing rational and efficient energy extraction</li></ul><div>&nbsp; &nbsp;The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources is in charge of enacting the law, and a first order of business was the identification of geographic areas for renewable energy exploitation. These areas, co-ordinated with the Ministry's Energy Master Plan, will be prioritised for development in a Land Use List, approved by the Council of Ministers. Areas identified for exploitation that are 'treasury land' (owned by the state) shall be allocated to renewable energy projects. Lands owned by individuals shall be purchased based on existing legislative authority, if approved by the Council of Ministers. &nbsp; &nbsp;In addition to hosting a competitive bidding processes to develop projects on lands prioritised on the Land Use List, individuals or projects may approach the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources with a specific proposal to develop an extraction site on any lands in the country (already identified on the Land Use List or not) which have not already been allocated by a public tender. The law outlines the requirements for such proposals and a general outline for the decision making process. &nbsp; &nbsp;The law specifies the purchasing arrangements of the electricity from bulk suppliers; much of this framework is pre-existing in the General Electricity Law. &nbsp; &nbsp;Under the renewable energy law, individual homes may also produce their own renewable electricity, and sell any surplus energy back to the grid, with the price set by the purchase tariff specified in the Bulk Supply Licensees or the Retail Supply Licensees. &nbsp; &nbsp;This law establishes the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Fund, which shall be administratively and financially independent. The Fund is overseen by the Board of Directors of the Fund, composed of the vice-chairman of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources; the secretaries-general of the Ministries of Environment, Planning and International Co-operation, and Finance; a commissioner nominated by the Chairman of the Board of Commissioners of the Commission, and three representatives of the private sector appointed by the Council of Ministers. The Fund draws resources from: government allocations from the general budget, returns on investments, aid or gifts from national or international donors.

This law is a general regulatory framework for the generation, distribution and sale of electricity in the Kingdom, and has been updated over the years. The 2003 update includes language that is directly related to climate change despite the fact that the law does not name climate change as an objective. The law states that energy efficiency shall be a national priority, a precursor to the law concerning renewable energy summarised above. In addition, the General Electricity Law grants authority to the Electricity Sector Regulatory Commission to provide incentives (not specified in the law) to encourage improved technological efficiency; and to participate in the regulation of efficiency standards for electric devices officially issued by the Standards and Meteorology Corporation. 
 
Previous additions to the law passed in 2002 allowed private energy companies to access to the electricity grids as well as set guidelines for renewable energy projects. Large-scale projects (above 5MW) would be contracted through competitive tendering (no longer necessary due to the provision in the renewable energy law), small-scale (below 5MW) through direct negotiations and very small scale (below 1MW) for auto-generation and only to be bought during peak demand.

Jordan First NDC (Updated submission), Nationally Determined Contribution from Jordan in 2021

Jordan. Biennial update report (BUR). BUR 2., Biennial Update Report from Jordan in 2021

Jordan First NDC (Archived), Nationally Determined Contribution from Jordan in 2016

Jordan. National Communication (NC). NC 3., National Communication from Jordan in 2014

National Energy Sector Strategy (2020-2030)

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