Te Kaniva (referring to the traditional travelling method of using stars and daily weather patterns to navigate) outlines the strategic policies for responding to climate change impacts and related disaster risks for the period 2012-2021. It was co-ordinated by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade, Tourism, Environment and Labour, in collaboration with numerous other government agencies, and with the support of the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme, the Applied Geoscience and Technology Division of Secretariat of the Pacific Community, and the UNDP. &nbsp; &nbsp;It defines seven thematic goals, each containing detailed strategies and subsequent expected outcomes. The goals are: &nbsp;- Strengthening adaptation actions to address current and future vulnerabilities; &nbsp;- Improving understanding and application of climate change data, information and site specific impacts assessment to information adaptation and disaster risk reduction programmes; &nbsp;- Enhancing governance arrangements and capacity to access and manage climate change and disaster risk management finances; &nbsp;- Developing and maintaining infrastructures to withstand climate change impacts, climate variability, disaster risks and climate change projection; &nbsp;- Ensuring energy security and a low carbon future for Tuvalu; &nbsp;- Planning for effective disaster preparedness, response and recovery; and &nbsp;- Guaranteeing the security of the people of Tuvalu from the impacts of climate change and the maintenance of national sovereignty. &nbsp; &nbsp;Specific implementation, monitoring and evaluation arrangements are outlined in the National Strategic Action Plan for Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management (below).

NSAP is the implementation plan for Te Kaniva and was also co-ordinated by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade, Tourism, Environment and Labour. As a five-year action plan, it is intended to be revised at the mid-point of the Te Kaniva period and adjusted accordingly. The NSAP identifies 141 specific actions to meet the seven thematic goals outlined in Te Kaniva, as well as realising the target of 100% electricity generation through renewable energy technologies first outlined in the 2009 National Energy Policy and specifies the responsible agencies and the total expected costs of achieving these actions. The actions include: 
- Develop nurseries to nurture selected food crop and tree species that are salt and heat tolerant; 
- Develop legislation for the Meteorological Services; 
- Conduct training for all eight island Kaupule on integrating climate change and disaster risks into Island Strategic Plans; 
- Establish building code for climate resilient housing; 
- Review and/or develop enabling legislation and regulations to promote and enforce energy efficiency and renewable energy opportunities; 
- Review fire safety in all schools, hospital, power stations, key offices and conduct relevant training on equipment use and maintenance; and 
- Review and amend Tuvalu's constitution and relevant legislation to address Tuvalu's sovereignty of its EEZ (exclusive economic zone) regardless of projected impacts of climate change. 
 
It also recommends a new National Strategic Action Plan Co-ordinating Committee be established to oversee the implementation of the NSAP.

The Master Plan for Renewable Electricity and Energy Efficiency outlines the way to generate electricity from renewable energy and to develop an energy efficiency programme.&nbsp; The purposes of the Master plan are: 1) to outline the technical concepts; 2) to review the economic feasibility; 3) to propose an implementation programme.&nbsp; The Master plan establishes the following objectives: 1) to provide a reliable and affordable electricity supply; 2) to safeguard Tuvalu from future diesel price shocks; 3) to improve the efficiency of electricity utilisation and further reduce the already low energy consumption per person and per GDP; 4) to reduce Tuvalu's 'carbon footprint' and become and international rode model with regard to climate change mitigation.&nbsp;

The Policy identifies three main energy policy considerations: &nbsp;- Adequate, secure and cost-effective supply; &nbsp;- Efficient utilisation to avoid wasteful or non-productive energy consumption; &nbsp;- Minimising the negative impacts of energy production, transport, conversion, utilisation and consumption on the environment. &nbsp; &nbsp;The policy is divided into seven key areas: energy sector planning, co-ordination and management; petroleum; transport; electricity; renewable energy; energy conservation and efficiency; and environment. It outlines a goal for Tuvalu of 100% renewable energy by 2020, namely solar, wind and biofuels, and estimates a total cost of achieving this of $20 million. To achieve this goal it suggests, among other strategies, reviving a national solar energy company that ceased operations due to management issues and calls for energy efficiency measures in all sectors. The policy also aims to reduce dependence on petroleum products by encouraging fuel conservation and actively searching for alternatives.

This plan was devised as a response to Tuvalu's concern regarding degradation of its habitats and current predicted shortages of water connected with increasing population and the effects of climate change. The Plan specifies seven major causes of land degradation: 
- Lack of land use planning (specifically related to a road project on Funafuti); 
- Sea level rise; 
- Drought and bush fires; 
- Unsustainable agricultural practices; 
- Unsustainable development activities (seawalls and boat ramps); 
- Unsustainable use of watershed (extraction of materials from the foreshore leading to accelerated coastal erosion and loss of land); and 
- Uncontrolled waste disposal 
 
It then outlines six projects to be implemented: 
- Water management: Northern Islands Rainwater Catchment Enhancement Project; 
- Community tree care: Tuvalu Community Tree Care Project; 
- Developing national environmental protection legislation: Development of National Environmental Protection Act with provisions for environmental impact assessment and regulations related to sustainable land management; 
- Water catchment development (Funafati): Funafati AirstripWater Catchment Development Project; 
- Protected area survey: Tuvalu Land-Based Protected Area Survey Project; and 
- Integrated solid waste management: Integrated Solid Waste Management Project (Funafuti).

This law establishes a Climate Change and Disaster Survival Fund to Provide immediate vital services to the people of Tuvalu in combating the devastating impact of climate change and natural disasters, and allows the Government and the people of Tuvalu to respond to future climate change impacts and natural disasters in a coordinated, effective and timely manner. It also establishes a government committee to review requests for assistance and create a national strategy for climate change and natural disasters.

The Energy Efficiency Act promotes energy efficiency, energy conservation and give effects to certain obligations that Tuvalu has under the Climate Change Conventions and relations conventions.&nbsp;

The Act provides an overarching legislative framework for environmental protection and sustainable development. It specifically addresses pollution, Tuvalu's obligations under international law, environmental impacts, biodiversity and natural resources, and waste management. It enables the appointment of a Director of Environment and Environment Officers and outlines the process by which the Minister, from time to time, may convene a National Environmental Forum for the purposes of considering any environment-related matter of national importance and providing advice back to the Minister. It states that all persons and agencies with responsibilities under the Act are to apply the precautionary principle. 
 
The Act includes a short section on ‘Responses to Climate Change', which states that each Kaupule (the island council or executive branch of the Falekaupule, the traditional assembly of elders present on each island of Tuvalu), in conjunction with other Departments and relevant international agencies, and through the involvement of the community, shall formulate, apply and implement strategies and programmes to: 
- Raise the level of understanding throughout the world about the implications of climate change, and activities which contribute to climate change, on Tuvalu and the future of its people; 
- Promote understanding about the causes and implications of climate change; 
- Address the effects of climate change within Tuvalu on its water resources, coastal areas, lands and land usage, food security, biodiversity, fisheries, economic welfare, public infrastructure and its vulnerability to natural disasters; 
- Implement programmes and facilitate projects to protect its water resources, coastal areas, mangroves, lands, biodiversity, fisheries and public infrastructure, and to contribute to the health well-being and livelihoods of Tuvaluans; and 
- Participate in international conventions and forums with a view to obtaining the fullest possible assistance to address the implications of climate change and undertake adaptation initiatives. 
 
Any regulations made under the Act (such as the above Environment Protection (Environment Impact Assessment) Regulations) may provide for any matter associated with the response to climate change, including the protection and conservation of fresh water, drought prevention and response, and public infrastructure.

The National Disaster Management Act defines a disaster and specifies that the Minister responsible to the Cabinet for disaster-related matters shall ensure that adequate measures are taken by the government for disaster mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. It establishes a National Disaster Committee whose function is to advise the Minister on these issues and coordinate government and non-government agencies in response to disasters. The Act also establishes a National Disaster Management Office which will act as the body responsible for carrying out disaster management in Tuvalu and a National Disaster Preparedness Working Group within the office. It also establishes Island Disaster Committees on each island excluding the Funafati Falekaupule and outlines the procedures to declare a state of emergency &nbsp; &nbsp;The Act specifies that a National Disaster Plan is to be drawn up to: &nbsp;- Define the action to be taken to deal with disasters in Tuvalu, covering all national land and sea areas; &nbsp;- Cover requirements for disaster mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery; and &nbsp;- Set out the roles and action to be taken by government and non-government agencies.

Government of Tuvalu Updated Nationally Determined Contribution, Nationally Determined Contribution from Tuvalu in 2022

Tuvalu. National Communication (NC). NC 2., National Communication from Tuvalu in 2018

Tuvalu First NDC

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About the Tuvalu's Nationally Determined Contributions

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