Report (White paper) on China's Policies and Actions to Address Climate Change

Laws and Policies

CCLW

CCLW national policies

Approved

This white paper was prepared and published to report on China's progress on responding to climate change, share its practices and experiences, and enhance the understanding of the international community on its policies regarding climate change. It defines the government's long-term conceptual vision as aiming at promoting the construction of an ecological civilisation with high-quality development. The paper reiterates that China's 14th Five-Year Plan outlines a binding indicator of "reducing carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 18% compared to 2020". It further states that in as of the end of 2019, China exceeded its 2020 target ahead of schedule and in 2020, China announced a new target: to peak its carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. By 2030, China's carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will decrease by more than 65% compared to 2005, and the proportion of non fossil fuels in primary energy consumption will reach about 25%. The forest stock will increase by 6 billion cubic meters compared to 2005, and the total installed capacity of wind and solar power will reach over 1.2 billion kilowatts. The proportion of non fossil fuels in primary energy consumption is increased by another five percentage points, and the target for increasing the installed capacity of non fossil fuels is increased. The forest storage volume is increased by another 1.5 billion cubic meters, with a clear goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. The paper also notes that in 2021 China announced that it would no longer build new overseas coal-fired power projects.

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives