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Russia

Federative (46 oblasts, 22 republics, 9 krais, 4 autonomous okrugs, 3 federal-level cities, 1 autonomous oblast)
Political Groups
G20
World Bank Income Group
Upper middle income
Global Climate Risk Index
47.67

The annually published Global Climate Risk Index analyses to what extent countries have been affected by the impacts of weather-related loss events (storms, floods, heat waves etc.).

Published by German Watch https://www.germanwatch.org/en/cri
Share of Global Emissions
5.03%
Legislation
2
Laws, Acts, Constitutions (legislative branch)
Policies
17
Policies, strategies, decrees, action plans (from executive branch)
Litigation
Coming soon
Court cases and tribunal proceedings
Targets
6
Climate targets in National Law & Policy

Latest Documents

, 2021

The order states that federal executive authorities shall be guided by the provisions of the Strategy in the development and implementation of sectoral strategic planning documents, state programs (subprograms) of the Russian Federation and other strategic planning documents. Federal executive authorities should also ensure that development and mitigation measures are...

, 2021

This decree approves a new version of the country's national security strategy (attached to the decree's text). The Russian government has been acknowledging in its security strategy the threats deriving from climate change since 2015 (decree 683/2015, repealed by this document). This strategy notably states that climate change is used as a pretext by the world commun...

, 2021

This law defines the basis for the legal regulation of relations in the field of economic and other activities that are accompanied by greenhouse gas emissions and are carried out in Russia. The purpose of this Federal Law is to create conditions for sustainable and balanced development of Russia while reducing the level of greenhouse gas emissions.The document notably set...

, 2021

This order aims at implementing paragraphs 6, 8 and 9 of the annex to the national action plan for the first stage of adaptation to climate change for the period up to 2022, approved by order of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 25, 2019 N 3183-r (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2020, N 1, article 115).The recommendations are intended fo...

, 2020

This document sets the governmental vision to develop the production and use of hydrogen in the country. The plan specifies that the country needs to change the structure of demand for energy resources, including via a replacement of hydrocarbons by other types of energy resources.

  • No more than 83% of emissions by end of phase 1, no more than 90% by the end of phase 2, and no more than 105% by 2030 against a 2005 baselineEnergy: Energy Efficiency | Target year: 2030Source: Energy Strategy to 2035
  • Limit GHG emissions to 70-75% of 1990 levels by 2030Economy-wide: Economy Wide | Target year: 2030
  • 38% of non-fuel energy by 2030Energy: Fuels | Target year: 2030Source: Energy Strategy to 2035
  • Decrease of at least 2% in specific fuel consumption for heat generation by boiler rooms by end of phase 1, decrease of at least 6% by end of phase 2, and decrease of at least 10% by 2030 against a 2005 baselineEnergy: Fuels | Target year: 2030Source: Energy Strategy to 2035
  • Increase in the share of non-fuel energy in the primary energy consumption from 11% up to 13-14% by 2030 against a 2005 baselineEnergy: Fuels | Target year: 2030Source: Energy Strategy to 2035

Legislative Process

Russia has a bicameral system and the Federal Assembly consists of the State Duma (Lower Chamber) and the Federation Council. Members of the Federation Council serve 4-year terms and members of the State Duma serve 5-year terms. Latest election for State Duma was held in September 2016,the next is expected for 2021. The Duma passes laws, which are then sent to the Council for confirmation and forwarded to the President for signing and publication. Federal laws have priority over regional laws and direct effect throughout the territory of Russia. Often, Russian laws are adopted in the form of a Code of Law. A Code is a complete collection of rules in an entire subject area.

Another source of law, graded lower in the hierarchy of laws, is executive regulations (decrees and directives). The President can pass decrees on any issue without limits if a valid federal law does not regulate that issue, except in cases when the Constitution directly says that the question requires the adoption of a federal law. Usually, Presidential decrees implement higher-level acts of law.

An additional group of legislation is comprised of normative acts of federal executive authorities. These acts are related to laws through directives of the government. They develop, add and consolidate existing legal norms. Although ministerial documents are acts of special jurisdiction and regulate activities of the subordinated persons and legal entities, sometimes they can be of interdepart­mental or even general significance.