This decree-law approves the organization and functioning regime of the XXIII Constitutional Government, adopting the appropriate structure to fulfill the priorities set out in its Programme. Article 26 on environment and Climate Action states that the Minister for the Environment and Climate Action is responsible for formulating, conducting, executing and evaluating policies on the environment, urban, suburban and road passenger transport, mobility, climate, forestry, nature conservation, animal welfare company, energy, geology and forests, from a perspective of sustainable development and social and territorial cohesion, as well as planning in matters within its competence, including the coastline and rustic space, without prejudice to the provisions of paragraph 4 of article 28.

This decree-law establishes the norms with regard to the organisation and functioning of the National Electric System (SEN). It transposes Directive (EU) 2019/944 on common rules for the internal electricity market. It also partially transposes Directive (EU) 2018/2001on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. According to article 123.2, the planning of networks is framed by the climate and energy policy objectives expressed in the National Energy-Climate Plan 2030 and in the Roadmap for Carbon Neutrality 2050 or others that may replace them, and must actively contribute to the decarbonisation of the environment. Country, through, among others, the implementation of investments in infrastructure that, in an efficient way, ensure the greater incorporation of electricity from renewable energy sources, the decentralisation of electric energy production, the development of self-consumption, the increase in efficiency energy and adapting to new forms of energy conversion and management such as electric mobility and storage.

The Landscape Transformation Program was amended by Ministerial Council Resolution 2/2022 in order to adapt it to the Recovery and Resilience Plan.

This decree establishes the Integrated Management System for Rural Fires and defines its operating rules. The SGIFR is a set of structures, norms and processes of institutional articulation in the integrated management of rural fire, organisation and intervention, related to planning, preparation, prevention, pre-suppression, suppression and relief and post-event, leading to by public entities with competences in the integrated management of rural dwellings and by private entities with intervention in rural or urban land.

<div>To benefit from the support of the Recovery and Resilience Facility set up by the EU in the aftermath of the COVID-19-induced economic crisis, Member States submit their recovery and resilience plans to the European Commission. Each plan sets out the reforms and investments to be implemented by end-2026 and Member States can receive financing up to a previously agreed allocation. Each plan should effectively address challenges identified in the European Semester, particularly the country-specific recommendations of 2019 and 2020 adopted by the Council. It should also advance the green and digital transitions and make Member States’ economies and societies more resilient. The Commission validates the plan after which it effectively enters in force and EU subsidies can start flowing towards the member state. 38% of the plan’s total allocation for Portugal is assessed to go to reforms and investments supports climate objectives.</div><ul><li>Energy efficiency in residential buildings: financing a large-scale renovation programme to increase the energy efficiency of residential buildings. €300 million</li><li>Hydrogen and renewable gases: supporting private projects for the production of renewable hydrogen and other gases of renewable origin. €185 million</li><li>Protecting vulnerable forest areas: adapting land management to transform the landscape of vulnerable forest territories to prevent fires, increase climate and economic resilience and protect biodiversity.</li></ul>

The 2023 budget law reduces VAT on bicycles in order to ramp up their modal share.

The State Budget for the year 2022 is approved by this law. It contains a number of climate-relevant clauses, including: Article 21.2 - The members of the Government responsible for the areas of digitalisation and administrative modernisation and Public Administration, in conjunction with the members of the Government responsible for the areas of planning, finance, equality, the economy and the sea and the environment and action climate change, may establish, by decree, incentives and other mechanisms to stimulate innovative public management practices, either in the internal dimension, for improving efficiency and quality in management, or in the external dimension, for greater effectiveness and quality of public services in responding to the challenges of digitalisation, demography, inequalities and climate action. Art 232 on energy efficiency and thermal comfort of buildings: 1 - The energy efficiency and incentive programs to improve the thermal comfort of buildings for residential purposes and of service buildings in Portugal, within the scope of the PRR, are renamed «3C - Casa, Conforto e Clima». 2 - The programs referred to in paragraph 1 include support for projects to improve thermal comfort and energy efficiency for all types of buildings planned. 3 - In the case of buildings for residential purposes, the support referred to in the previous article may reach a maximum of 100% of the costs for the lowest income categories, excluding value added tax, and, in the case of service buildings, up to a total of 200 000 (euro).&nbsp; 7 - The Government develops the Housing Adaptation Program to Climate Change in pre-existing housing within the scope of the IHRU, I. P. Article 235 focuses on setting a climate change risk atlas.&nbsp;In 2022, the Government, in articulation with local authorities, promotes the creation of a climate change risk atlas, at a national, regional and local level, identifying the main risks to the territory and the population arising from different scenarios of climate change. climate change, namely those defined by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, for variables such as temperature, precipitation, soils and submersion. Article 243 encourages the introduction of low-emission vehicles. 1 - In the context of climate action measures, the incentive for the introduction of zero-emission vehicles for consumption is maintained, financed by the Environmental Fund, under the terms to be defined by order of the member of the Government responsible for the environment and climate action. 2 - The incentive provided for in the previous number is extended to two-wheel motorcycles and cycles, conventional or electric, and to electric mopeds that have European approval and are subject to registration, when applicable, excluding those classified as enduro, trial, or with sidecar. 3 - The incentive provided for in the previous number is also extended to cargo bicycles. Article 223 on the support Program for Fare Reduction in public transport. 1 - The financing of the PART in public transport is 138 600 000 (euro), through the consignment of revenues to the Environmental Fund under the terms of Decree-Law No. 1-A/2020, of 3 January. 2 - The Environmental Fund is also authorised to transfer up to another 100 000 000 (euro) to the transport authorities, to ensure the levels of supply in the public transport systems covered by the PART in the years 2021 and 2022, taking into account a scenario more adverse from the effects of the pandemic crisis on the mobility system, and a drop in corporate revenue, with the amount to be transferred being calculated on a quarterly basis, in accordance with the terms of the order of the members of the Government responsible for the areas of finance and the environment and climate action. 3 - The Government guarantees the allocation, during the year 2022, of a sum of 20 000 000 (euro) to the Program to Support Densification and Strengthening of the Public Transport Offer, aimed at increasing and improving the offer of collective transport in the communities inter-municipal and low-density areas, focusing on transport with lower levels of greenhouse gas emissions.

<div>Portugal's framework climate law sets the following objectives for the country's climate policy in article 3:&nbsp;</div><ul><li>Promote a rapid and socially balanced transition towards a sustainable economy and society that are neutral in greenhouse gases;</li><li>Guarantee climate justice, ensuring the protection of communities most vulnerable to the climate crisis, respect for human rights, equality and collective rights over the commons; c) Ensure a sustainable and irreversible trajectory of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions; greenhouse effect;</li><li>Promote the use of energy from renewable sources and their integration into the system national energy;</li><li>Promoting the circular economy, improving energy and resource efficiency;</li><li>Develop and reinforce current sinks and other carbon sequestration services; g) Strengthen national resilience and capacity to adapt to climate change;</li><li>Promoting climate security;</li><li>Stimulating education, innovation, research, knowledge and development and adopt and disseminate technologies that contribute to these ends;</li><li>Combat energy poverty, namely through the improvement of living conditions; livability and citizens' fair access to energy use;</li><li>Foster prosperity, green growth and social justice, fighting inequalities ties and generating more wealth and employment;</li><li>Protect and promote the regeneration of biodiversity, ecosystems and services;</li><li>Stimulating sustainable financing and promoting information on climate risks by economic and financial agents;</li><li>Ensuring committed, ambitious and leading participation in international negotiations and international cooperation;</li><li>Establish a rigorous and ambitious basis for the definition and fulfilment of climate objectives, targets and policies;</li><li>Reinforce the transparency, accessibility and effectiveness of information, the legal framework and information, reporting and monitoring systems;</li><li>Ensuring that all major legislative measures and public investments are strategically evaluated in relation to their contribution to fulfilling the stated assumptions, integrating the risks associated with climate change in national and sectoral planning and economic investment decisions.</li></ul><div> Art 2 recognises the situation of climate emergency. Chapter II on climate rights and duties notably lists in article 8 the public and private entities concerned by climate-related actions that lie under the legal umbrella of this law. These entities are the state, public institutes, autonomous regions, local authorities, the Climate Action Council, independent administrative entities with regulatory functions for the economic activity, civil society entities including non-governmental organisations and investment groups, and citizens, private companies and other entities governed by private law. Art 9 states that citizens have the right to participate in the processes of drafting and reviewing climate policy instruments. Chapter III focuses on climate policy governance. The Council for Climate Action (CAC) is created (art 12). The CAC collaborates with the legislative and executive branches to prepare studies, assessments and opinions on climate action and related legislation. The CAC also must issue an opinion, in an advisory capacity, on the planning, execution and effectiveness of climate policy and to contribute to the public discussion on its conduct. Article 13 details the further attributions of the CAC. Article 15 notably states that the government must actively defend, including in its foreign policy, the definition of the climate refugee concept, its status and its recognition by the Portuguese State. Article 16 on public health and environmental health stipulates that the State must promote the "assessment of global and national risks and the preparation of action, prevention and contingency plans in the face of extreme climatic phenomena, the emergence of new diseases or the worsening of the incidence of diseases as a result of climate change". Article 17 further charges the government to promote climate security, identify risks and prevent the adverse effects of climate change "on public order, security and tranquility, on the integrity of people and goods and on the regular exercise of rights, freedoms and guarantees". Under Chapter IV on planning and evaluation tools, Portugal notably commits to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 (art 18) and charges the Assembly to approve, on a governmental proposal, national targets for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions on a five-year basis and within a 30-year horizon (Art 19). Chapter IV also charges the government to develop/update a range of mitigation and adaptation policies and defines dedicated accountability relationships. Art 25 charges the State to prepare a national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removal by sinks of atmospheric pollutants (INERPA) ensuring public disclosure . Chapter V on economic and financial instruments notably 1) details green fiscal principles (art 28) that include fossil-fuel curbing measures, 2) mandates the budget allocation for climate policy purposes to be consolidated in a State Budget account (art 29), 3) charges the government to create and implement a category of tax deductions — IRS Verde — under the Corporate Income Tax Code that benefits taxpayers who purchase, consume or use environmentally sustainable goods and services (art 30), 4) subjects petroleum and energy products to a carbon price to be "determined in accordance with good international practices and with a view to achieving climate goals", and 5) defines guiding principles on climate matters that public and private entities must adopt in their financial policies, financial management, support for capitalisation and borrowing (art 34). Public and private agents and institutions must also take the climate risk and the climate impact into account in their financing decisions (art 35). Chapter VI defines sectoral climate policy instruments. Further clauses in this document include:&nbsp;</div><ul><li>eco-design must be mainstreamed for products, packaging, buildings and infrastructure</li><li>reduce food waste and promote healthy diets</li><li>A ban on coal use by 2021 and natural gas by 2040 to generate electricity (art 40). The natural gas ban will only be met provided the security of supply is guaranteed.</li><li>by 2030, the State will have to respect the EU taxonomy in public investment and procurement.</li></ul>

Article 1.5 states that geological formations capable of storing carbon dioxide are subject to a separate statute, without prejudice to the subsidiary application of this law and other development legislation that regulates the disclosure and use of geological resources in the public domain of the State.

This law creates a series of tax breaks for low emissions vehicles, energy efficient buildings, and sustainable forest management.

Portugal. National Communication (NC). NC 8. Biennial Reports (BR). BR 5., National Communication,Biennial Report from Portugal in 2022

Portugal. 2022 National Inventory Report (NIR), National Inventory Report from Portugal in 2022

Portgual's Adaptation Communication, Adaptation Communication from Portugal in 2022

Portugal. 2021 National Inventory Report (NIR), National Inventory Report from Portugal in 2021

Portugal. Biennial report (BR). BR 4, Biennial Report from Portugal in 2020

Decree-Law no. 4/2018 on incentives to electric mobility

Law passed

This Decree-Law creates an incentive to promote the replacement of fossil fuels with electricity for the supply of municipal public passenger transport vehicles. The regime provided for in this decree-law expires on December 31, 2025.The price of electric energy used in the supply of electric vehicles for the municipal and intermunicipal public passenger transport service and for the activity of collecting undifferentiated waste and recyclable materials is subject to a discount. This discount will be revised every couple of years.

Decree-Law no. 4/2018 on incentives to electric mobility

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