The Energy Strategy outlines the goals for the period of 2021 - 2030, the measures that are required to advance energy efficiency and the expansion of renewable energies. It also sets out a vision to 2050.&nbsp;<br><br>The Energy Strategy 2030 sets out the following goals:</div><ul><li>20% reduction of energy demand with a 2008 baseline;</li><li>30% renewable energies (17% produced domestically); and</li><li>40% reduction of CO2 emissions (30% reduction of CO2 emissions domestically with a baseline of 1990; additional 10 % reduction of CO2 emissions through international market mechanisms).</li></ul><div><br></div><div>Measures to increase energy efficiency (a central element of the Energy Strategy 2030), include building renovations and efficient new buildings, but also efficiency improvements in lighting, appliances and industrial plants. Further, the substitution of fossil energy sources, through electric heat pumps and the electrification of transport are expected to make important contributions to energy efficiency.&nbsp;</div><div><br>The Energy Vision 2050 sets out the following goals:</div><ul><li>40% reduction of energy demand with a 2008 baseline;</li><li>100% renewable energies; and</li><li>100% reduction of CO2 emissions.</li></ul><div><br></div><div>These goals imply a complete phaseout of fossil fuels in the transportation and buildings sectors.<br><br>The most important measures of the Energy Strategy 2030 are:</div><ul><li>Sensitise population and stakeholders;</li><li>Tripple the currently installed photovoltaic capacity (+ 5 MWp/year);</li><li>Use sustainable biomass potential;</li><li>Increase the use of district heating from waste incineration plants by around 21 GWh/a;</li><li>Replace 75% of oil heating with renewable energies, heat pumps or district heating;</li><li>Introduce stricter energy standards for buildings to implement EU rules;</li><li>Implement provisions regarding large consumers and voluntary target agreements in the industry;</li><li>Create framework conditions for electric or renewable drives in the transport sector and transform public transport to renewable drive systems;</li><li>Improve the conditions for public transport and non-motorised transport; and</li><li>Support innovative projects.&nbsp;</li></ul><div><br>

This document sets out Liechtenstein's climate strategy to 2050. This includes:<br><br></div><ul><li>Reaching net zero by 2050;</li><li>By 2030, 50% GHG emissions reduction compared to 1990 levels. 40% are to be reduced domestically, 10% abroad; and</li><li>By 2050, reduce domestic emissions by 90% compared to 1990 levels. The remaining 10% are to be compensated.</li></ul><div><br>The Strategy prioritises the energy sector. Compared to 1990 levels, emissions must be reduced by 50% by 2030, and completely by 2050.&nbsp;<br><br>For the compensation of remaining emissions, the Strategy mentions carbon sinks such as forests and moors. It further announces monitoring the development of negative emissions technologies.<br><br>Lastly, the Strategy touches on emissions abroad which are to be reduced as well.&nbsp;

The Climate Vision 2050 sets an economy-wide net-zero target for 2050 to reach the goals of the Paris Agreement and puts an emphasis on the required transformation of the energy sector.&nbsp;<br><br>It sets the following objectives:</div><ul><li>90% GHG emissions reduction domestically with a 1990 baseline;</li><li>Net zero by 2050 domestically;</li><li>Reduction of indirect emissions from imported consumer goods; and</li><li>Review and reduction of emissions from investments via financial assets.</li></ul><div><br>The Implementation of the Climate Vision 2050 is specified through the Energy Strategy 2030 / Energy Vision 2050 and the Long-term Climate Strategy 2050.&nbsp;</div><div><br>

<p>This policy document sets the goal of reaching net zero by 2050. It assesses the current domestic situation regarding emissions and climate activities, defines long-term goals for and suggests next steps for implementation.</p>

This Strategy sets out the impacts of climate change and the course of action in Liechtenstein for the following sectors: water management,&nbsp; natural hazards, agriculture, forestry, energy, tourism, biodiversity, health, and urban planning.<br><br>The most pressing changes that are identified include increasing temperatures in the summer and winter, changes in seasonal precipitation, and an increase in extreme weather events as well as a shift in the snow line.<br><br>The Strategy outlines already existing and planned activities. It further sets out an implementation plan. Key areas are identified where further measures are needed. Those include, in particular, water resources management, flood protection, biodiversity protection and healthcare during heat waves.&nbsp;<br><br>

This law aims at 1) implementing the contract and the 2010 agreement between the Principality of Liechtenstein and the Swiss Confederation concerning the environmental levies in the Principality of Liechtenstein, as amended, 2) reducing greenhouse gas emissions, in particular of CO2 emissions, 3) reducing other harmful effects on the environment, and 4) creating incentives for the rational use of energy and the increased use of renewable energy.&nbsp;<br>Art. 3 institutes a CO2 levy to be levied on the production, extraction and import of fuels. It sets the price at 36 frances per ton of CO2. The government can increase the levy rate up to a maximum of 120 francs, subject to the applicable legislation in Switzerland.&nbsp;<br>Art. 5 notably states that companies in certain economic sectors can commit themselves to the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to a certain extent in the period from 2013 to 2020 and to report annually on them. Companies that fall within the scope of application of the Emissions Trading Act, cannot undertake to reduce greenhouse gas emissions vis-a-vis the FOEN. If a company reduces its greenhouse gas emissions noticeably and permanently beyond the scope of its legal obligation, it receives a financial compensation for the additional emission reductions provided by the state upon application.&nbsp;<br>Art. 11 states that CO2 emissions of passenger cars which are being put into circulation for the first time are to be reduced by the end of 2015 to an average of 130 g CO2 / km.

This law indends to reduce greenhouse gas emissions within and outside Liechtenstein, and implement the EEA legislation on emissions trading. The targets are similar to EU commitments. The document details permitting rules. Art. 4 states that the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is primarily pursued through domestic measures, in particular through energy, transport, environmental, forestry, agricultural, economic and financial measures. The share of greenhouse gases that can not be reduced by domestic measures to achieve the reduction targets under para. 1 is covered by participation in project measures abroad or in international emissions trading. Art. 4 also mentions that the government is preparing a National Climate Change Strategy, in which it lays down the principles and measures to reduce emissions in order to achieve climate neutrality by 2050.

This law regulates 1) the direction of funding for measures to increase energy efficiency and increase the use of renewable energy, 2) the abstraction and payment of electricity from renewable energy and cogeneration plants and the levying of a levy on electricity consumption. It aims to transpose Directive 2004/8 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 February 2004 on the promotion of cogeneration based on a useful heat demand in the internal energy.

Art. 3 states that the state promotes the following domestic measures:
a) thermal insulation of existing buildings;
b) construction of minergie buildings;
c) space heating and heating of process water through particularly energy-efficient and ecological building services systems;
d) heating of service water by thermal solar collectors;
e) production of electrical energy from renewable energies or according to the principle of combined heat and power;
f) energy production through demonstration objects;
g) energy production by other plants.

The document further details the states' priorities in terms of energy efficiency and renewable energy, and the types of incentives.

This law regulates 1) the obligation to produce a certificate of overall energy efficiency (energy performance certificate) for the sale, rental or lease of buildings and property, and 2) the content, issue and publication of the energy passport. It transposes Directive 2002/91/EC. It applies to newly constructed and existing buildings.

This law aims at protecting people, animals, plants, their communities and habitats, the soil and waterways and structures from excessive air pollution and to ensure the best possible air quality. In addition, it aims to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. The precautionary principle is a key principle behind the decision to limit emissions. The law is also based on the polluter-pays principle. This Act transposes the EEA legislation. Art. 42 states that the government must examine the introduction of a tax on fossil fuels (CO2 tax) if the reduction target for CO2 emissions under Article 43 can not be achieved by other measures. Art. 43 states that in a first step, CO2 emissions from the energy use of fossil energy sources are to be reduced by a total of at least 10% by 2010 compared with 1990 levels.

Liechtenstein. 2022 National Inventory Report (NIR), National Inventory Report from Liechtenstein in 2022

Liechtenstein. 2021 National Inventory Report (NIR), National Inventory Report from Liechtenstein in 2021

Liechtenstein. Biennial report (BR). BR 4, Biennial Report from Liechtenstein in 2019

Liechtenstein. Biennial Reports (BR). BR 3. National Communication (NC). NC 7., National Communication,Biennial Report from Liechtenstein in 2017

Liechtenstein First NDC, Nationally Determined Contribution from Liechtenstein in 2017

Law on the Reduction of CO2 Emissions

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