<p>Climate Act 423/2022 establishes the statutory framework for Finland’s climate policy planning, implementation and monitoring. It sets targets for carbon neutrality by 2035 and greenhouse-gas emission reductions of at least 60% by 2030, 80% by 2040 and 90% by 2050, with a 95% target to be pursued if possible. The Act requires a Long-Term Climate Plan, Medium-Term Climate Plan, National Climate Change Adaptation Plan and Land Use Sector Climate Plan, as well as annual climate reporting and monitoring. The 2023 amendment (108/2023) expanded the Act to municipalities, requiring them to prepare or update climate plans at least once per council term, and strengthened public authorities’ duties to promote the Act’s objectives. The Act was further amended in 2024, including the subsequent removal of the statutory municipal climate-plan obligation.</p>

Climate Act 423/2022, last amended by Act 896/2024

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Act 896/2024 amending the Climate Act

Amended/Updated

Finland

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Justice is the ethical and political framework that addresses fairness, including issues of responsibility, rights, and structural inequity.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives

Replacing technologies that burn fossil fuels directly with alternatives powered by electricity.