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Laws and Policies

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Supreme Decree No. 023-2025-MINAM

Peru updated the Ministry of Environment’s (MINAM) administrative procedures [Texto Único de Procedimientos Administrativos (TUPA)] through Supreme Decree No. 023-2025-MINAM in December 2025, establishing official fees for registering carbon mitigation measures and credits in the national carbon registry (RENAMI). The decree applies to both Article 6 cooperative approaches and the voluntary carbon market, providing legal certainty and clear cost structures for project developers seeking registration, credit issuance, and subsequent modifications.

Official fees established under the decree:

Article 6 / Cooperative Approaches
• Project registration: PEN 5,047.10 (approximately USD 1,500, exchange rate USD 1 = PEN 3.36 as of 14 January 2026)
• Registration of issued emission reduction units [Unidades de Reducción de Emisiones (URE)]: PEN 2,651.80 (approximately USD 788, exchange rate USD 1 = PEN 3.36  as of 14 January 2026)
• Project modification: PEN 2,476.10 (approximately USD 736, exchange rate USD 1 = PEN 3.36  as of 14 January 2026)

Voluntary Carbon Market
• Project registration: PEN 4,485.60 (approximately USD 1,333, exchange rate USD 1 = PEN 3.36 as of 14 January 2026)
• Registration of issued emission reduction units [Unidades de Reducción de Emisiones (URE)]: PEN 2,275.80 (approximately USD 677, exchange rate USD 1 = PEN 3.36 as of 14 January 2026)
• Project modification: PEN 2,476.10 (approximately USD 736, exchange rate USD 1 = PEN 3.36 as of 14 January 2026)

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An aim to achieve a quantifiable outcome within a given time-frame, set by an institution such as a national government.

Policy instruments are techniques or tools used by governing authorities to promote certain policies in order to achieve predetermined goals. Put simply, instruments are how a government tries to achieve its goals, with this taxonomy being focused on national policy instruments.

Risk is the potential for adverse consequences resulting from the dynamic interplay between (climate-related) hazards, exposure, and vulnerability of affected human or ecological systems.

Groups  of people who are adversely affected by climate change or the response to it

A set of principles, processes, and practices that build economic and political power to shift from an extractive economy to a regenerative economy.

Renewable energy means all forms of energy produced from renewable sources in a sustainable manner.

Fossil fuel is a generic term for non-renewable energy sources such as coal, fossil gas, and oil (including crude oil, and petroleum products), that can be used for electricity and heat generation. Fossil fuels are hydrocarbons formed from pressurised and heated organic material buried over millions of years.

Molecules in the atmosphere that play a key role in the greenhouse effect by trapping heat radiating from Earth’s surface.

Area of the economy in which actors engage in identical or related activities.

In human systems, the process of adjustment to actual or expected climate change and its effects, in order to moderate harm, increase resilience or exploit beneficial opportunities. In natural systems, the process of adjustment to actual climate change and its effects; human intervention may facilitate adjustment to expected climate change and its effects.

The management and allocation of funds, assets and investments to meet various objectives